For speeches and background music for up to about 100 guests, one powered 10 or 12-inch PA speaker on a stand usually works. For dancing or larger rooms, use two speakers and a subwoofer. Choose battery power for ceremonies away from outlets, check that a wireless microphone is included or supported, and in the US use mics outside the 600 MHz band, which is no longer allowed.
Toasts nobody can hear and a ceremony drowned out by wind are the most common event sound failures. Most are avoided by choosing the right speaker and placing it well.
Size by guest count and use
| Use | Guests | Setup |
|---|---|---|
| Ceremony, speeches | Up to 100 | One 10 or 12-inch powered speaker on a stand |
| Background music and speeches | 100 to 150 | Two 10 or 12-inch speakers |
| Dancing | 100 or more | Two 12 or 15-inch speakers plus a subwoofer |
What to compare
| Spec | Why |
|---|---|
| Woofer size | Larger woofers move more air and reach lower |
| Max SPL (dB) | A better loudness comparison than peak watts |
| Power | Battery runtime, or mains only |
| Inputs | Mic, instrument, line, Bluetooth |
| Built-in mixer | Lets you control mic and music separately |
| Wireless mic | Included, or a receiver you add |
| Weight and handles | You will carry it |
| Stand mount | A 35 mm pole socket for tripods |
Wireless microphones and the law
In the US, wireless microphones may no longer operate in the 600 MHz band (617 to 652 and 663 to 698 MHz) after the FCC’s 2020 deadline. Check the frequency label on older mics. Many new event mics use 2.4 GHz or other permitted UHF ranges.
Placement
Put speakers on stands above head height, slightly in front of the speaker or officiant, and angled toward the guests. Keep the mic behind the speakers to avoid feedback.
Outdoor events also need power; see our party tent guide and string lights guide. Browse light, sound and photo.
Common questions
How big a speaker do I need for 100 guests?
One quality 10 or 12-inch powered PA speaker handles speeches and background music. Use two plus a subwoofer for dancing.
Are speaker watt ratings reliable?
Peak watt claims vary between brands. Compare maximum SPL in decibels and speaker size instead.
Can I use a Bluetooth speaker for a wedding?
For music in a small room, maybe, but speeches need a microphone input and enough volume to cover talking guests.
How do I stop microphone feedback?
Place speakers in front of the person speaking, facing the audience, and keep the mic out of the speaker's direct path.